ABSTRACT
Breast cancer has become the most common cancer for women in China.Lack of effective therapeutic targets,triple negative breast cancer(TNBC)has poorer prognosis compared with other subtypes of breast cancer.Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes(TILs)are a group of heterogeneous lymphocytes around the tumor,which are believed as immunoreactive products of host immune response to tumor antigens.At present,there have been reports on the predictive effect of TILs on the prognosis of breast cancer,and the available studies focus mainly on TNBC.This article briefly reviews the recent progress of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in immunotherapy of TNBC.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Biomarkers, Tumor , China , Immunotherapy , Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating , Prognosis , Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/therapyABSTRACT
La biologie moleculaire est aujourd'hui un atout majeur pour la prise en charge adequate de cancer. Le profil genomique tumoral ou sequencage genomique des tumeurs est un test qui permet de dresser l'inventaire des genes d'une tumeur dont l'analyse conduit a identifier les cibles therapeutiques. Leur association avec les donnees cliniques; permet d'etablir un traitement personnalise. Ce procede constitue un recours precieux devant une tumeur multi-resistante aux traitements conventionnels. C'est cette derniere situation que les auteurs ont decidee de presenter; devant un cancer du sein triple negatif; resistant a plusieurs de lignes de chimiotherapie conventionnelle. L'evolution a change apres la realisation du profil genomique et l'ajustement du traitement
Subject(s)
Genomics , Molecular Biology , Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/therapyABSTRACT
AIM: Triple‑negative breast cancer (TNBC) is defined by the lack of expression of the estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER 2)/neu. It has been identified as an independent poor prognostic factor for survival. The aim of this study was to compare the clinico‑pathological characteristics and treatment outcomes of patients with TNBC and non‑TNBC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We carried out an analysis of 706 patients with invasive breast cancer between January 2007 and December 2011 in whom information on the status of ER, PR, and HER2/neu were available. RESULTS: One hundred and fifty‑five patients (21.9%) patients had TNBC. Patients with TNBC had a significantly lower median age [46.2 vs. 49.8 years; P = 0.005, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.98 to 2.38] and a higher proportion of high‑grade tumors as compared to the non‑TNBC group (43 vs. 24%; P < 0.0001). After a median follow‑up of 30 months, the three‑year relapse‑free survival (RFS) was significantly lower in the TNBC group (76 vs. 64%; log rank P = 0.002). Three‑year overall survival (OS) was lower in the TNBC group but not statistically significant. Age <49 years, higher nodal stage, and larger tumor size (>5 cm) were associated with poor outcome. CONCLUSION: TNBC is significantly associated with younger age and high‑grade tumors and constitutes 21.9% of all breast cancers in our institute. Triple negativity was a significantly poor prognostic factor for RFS but not OS.
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Kaplan-Meier Estimate , Middle Aged , Prognosis , Proportional Hazards Models , Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology , Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/therapyABSTRACT
El cáncer de mama triple negativo (CMTN) es una neoplasia maligna caracterizada por la ausencia de la expresión de los receptores de estrógeno, de progesterona y HER2. Estudios recientes han señalado que el CMTN es un grupo heterogéneo de distintas neoplasias, con pronósticos diferentes. Sin embargo, debido a que la realización de perfiles genéticos no es una práctica estándar para el diagnóstico convencional del cáncer de mama, se dificulta la apropiada identificación de este subtipo de cáncer de mama. El CMTN se caracteriza por tener patrones epidemiológicos de alta incidencia en poblaciones afroamericanas y latinas, y de menor incidencia en población caucásica y constituye un problema de salud pública por su elevada morbilidad y mortalidad. Ante la ausencia de blancos terapéuticos, la quimioterapia cumple un rol importante en el tratamiento, y muchos esfuerzos están destinándose a buscar otras combinaciones de quimioterapia y nuevas drogas, mientras que las actuales guías no especifican un tratamiento para este tipo de cánceres. En el presente documento se hace una revisión sobre las características epidemiológicas y clínicas, los posibles factores pronósticos y sobre algunas estrategias terapéuticas contra el CMTN.
Triple negative breast cancer (CMTN, Spanish acronym) is a malignant neoplasm characterized by the absence of expression of estrogen, progesterone and HER2 receptors. Recent studies have shown that CMTN is a heterogeneous group including different neoplasm with different prognosis. However, because genetic profiles are not a standard practice in conventional diagnosis of breast cancer, it is hard to properly identify this breast cancer subtype. CMTN is characterized by its high-incidence epidemiological patterns in African-American and Latin people, and lower incidence in Caucasian people, and constitutes a public health issue due to its high morbidity and mortality. Due to the absence of therapeutic targets, chemotherapy has a key role in treatment, and many efforts are being deployed to seek other combinations of chemotherapy and new drugs, while the current guides do not specify treatment for this type of cancer. This document reviews the epidemiological and clinical characteristics, the potential prognosis factors and some therapeutic strategies against CMTN.